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Central Bank Sanctions Return to the CJEU

A Primer on the Russian Central Bank’s Legal Challenge to the Permanent Freezing of its Assets On March 3, 2026, the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) announced that it has recently filed an action for annulment under Article 263 TFEU challenging Council Regulation (EU) 2025/2600 before the General Court of the EU. This regulation (hereinafter: the Freezing Regulation), which the EU Council adopted at its summit in December, prolongs the freeze on the CBR’s European assets indefinitely.

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Two Weeks in Review: 23 February—6 March 2026

Here we go again? Last weekend saw yet another shock to the system, as the US and Israel launched an armed attack on Iran: the last week on the blog has seen some initial reactions. These are joined by analyses of the hard-fought (and already faltering?) EU-Mercosur trade agreement, regional shifts in dispute settlement under UNCLOS, an apparently…

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Back to the Pre-Lisbon era? Why the Provisional Application of the EU-Mercosur Agreement is so Controversial

On 17 January 2026, the EU and Mercosur signed an ambitious trade and cooperation package composed of two instruments: a Partnership Agreement (EMPA) and an Interim Trade Agreement (iTA). After more than 20 years of negotiations, this deal has been praised as a major stepping stone for extending the EU’s economic and geopolitical influence worldwide, particularly in…

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Finally, Mercosur!… Or not? The stumbling block with the chapter on trade and sustainable development

Many heads of state and government from European and South American countries, as well as representatives of the European Union at the highest level, have hailed the fact that, after three decades of negotiations, the EU has finally concluded its free trade agreement with Mercosur. However, the ovation has not been unanimous. Some countries, such as France,…

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