International Tribunals

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The Rise and Second Demise of the Central American Court of Justice

In May 2026, the Central American Court of Justice (CACJ) quietly ceased operations following Honduras' withdrawal—a development that attracted little attention despite marking the end of one of the world's earliest permanent international courts. Although the CACJ never succeeded in consolidating itself, this post aims to draw attention to this overlooked event by exploring the institutional design, the challenges that hindered its development, and the regional political context that contributed to its failure as a regional court in Central America.

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An Update on the Relationship Between IHL and IHRL, Lex Specialis and Recent Developments

The past couple of years have seen a substantial number of new developments regarding the relationship between international humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law (IHRL). These include what is probably the most significant judicial engagement ever with this relationship – the 2025 European Court of Human Rights Ukraine and the Netherlands v. Russia…

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From Specificity to Institutional Reliability: J.B. v. Greece and Diplomatic Assurances

On 26 May 2026, the European Court of Human Rights (the Court) delivered its judgment in J.B. v. Greece (no. 54796/16). The case concerns the potential removal of a Syrian national from Greece to Türkiye under the EU-Türkiye Statement of 18 March 2016, following the rejection of his asylum claim on safe third country grounds. The…

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Apportioning Historical Responsibility After the ICJ’s Climate Advisory Opinion: From Principle to Practice

When the International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered its Advisory Opinion on Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change on 23 July 2025, commentators rightly called it a watershed for international environmental law. The Court unanimously confirmed that the customary rules of State responsibility, as reflected in many respects in the ILC’s Articles on State Responsibility…

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Two Weeks in Review: 10—21 August 2026

As we swelter through late summer, a hardy few have retained a cool hold over their critical faculties. In the last two weeks, attention has turned chiefly to the ICC: from the in absentia convictions of members of the Rapid Support Forces, to the removal of ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan, and a decision recognising that a State Party…

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