Court of Justice of the European Union

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Must States Control Their Borders? The Ceuta Crisis and International Law

August 18, 2026

Carmen Pérez-Gonzalez

Ceuta, a Spanish city on the North African coast with a population of approximately 80,000, experienced an unprecedented mass influx of people during the last week of July. Around 70,000 people, mostly Moroccan nationals but also persons from other countries, entered the territory irregularly. Although the precise causes remain uncertain, the immediate trigger appears to have been a wave of false information on social media claiming that Spain’s border was open. That claim was partly based on a distorted reading of a 29 June 2026 judgment of the Spanish Supreme Court concerning the so-called “rejection at the border” (rechazo en frontera) regime applicable at the Ceuta and Melilla fences.

Trade with the Settlements: How EU Law Points the Way Out of the Deadlock

August 4, 2026

Nicolas Angelet

The International Court of Justice’s Advisory Opinion of 2024 on Legal consequences arising from the policies and practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Terrritory, including East Jerusalem has prompted many scholarly comments on third states’ obligations to react to violations of international law by Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT) (notably here and…

Central Bank Sanctions Return to the CJEU

March 20, 2026

Philipp Kehl

A Primer on the Russian Central Bank’s Legal Challenge to the Permanent Freezing of its Assets On March 3, 2026, the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) announced that it has recently filed an action for annulment under Article 263 TFEU challenging Council Regulation (EU) 2025/2600 before the General Court of the EU. This regulation…

Maltese ‘golden passports’: Advocate General rejects European Commission claim of ‘genuine link’ requirement for naturalisation

November 8, 2024

Eric Fripp

On 21 March 2023, the European Commission brought infringement proceedings against Malta in the Court of Justice of the European Union for its continued refusal to end a perceived ‘golden passport’ investor citizenship scheme whereby Maltese citizenship, and hence citizenship of the EU, could be created by naturalisation. It asserted that Maltese naturalisation in those circumstances is…

Doing too much and too little: The CJEU’s approach to judicial review of fundamental rights breaches in the CFSP after KS and KD

October 30, 2024

Lea Schubert

On 10 September 2024, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered its judgment in the joint cases KS and KD v Council and Others. The case is significant as it further expands the jurisdiction of the CJEU in the field of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) despite the…

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The Brexit Bill and the Law of Treaties

May 4, 2017

Michael Waibel

As has been widely reported in the media (e.g. The Guardian, the BBC), the House of Lords reached two main legal conclusions in its March 2017 report on Brexit and the EU budget: Article 50 TEU allows the UK to leave the EU without being liable for outstanding financial obligations under the EU budget…

A Turning of the Tide against ISDS?

May 19, 2017

Anthea Roberts

The Court of Justice for the European Union fired a significant shot at investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) this week, and the result is likely to be much more than just a flesh wound. In deciding that the European Union did not have exclusive competence to enter into agreements including ISDS clauses, the Court made it significantly more likely…

Headscarves and the Court of Justice of the European Union: Two Opposing Opinions

August 1, 2016

Erica Howard

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has to decide on two cases on the wearing of Islamic headscarves at work. Both concern headscarves, which cover the hair and neck, but which leave the face free. The cases were heard together on the 15 March 2016 and the Advocate General’s (AG’s) opinions have been issued, so…

Brexit Means Brexit: Does It so When It Comes to EU Citizenship?

March 15, 2019

Serhii Lashyn

Following a dramatic referendum, the United Kingdom triggered Art. 50 of the TEU in March 2017 officially commencing its withdrawal from the EU. At first glance, one of the many consequences of the move is the loss of EU citizenship for all British citizens as they will no longer be ‘holding the nationality of a Member State’…