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What does the ‘hybrid attack’ carried out by Belarus against the EU borders mean in reality? An international law perspective

In reaction to the fraudulent 2020 Belarusian presidential elections and violent suppression of oppositionists by the State apparatus, the European Union imposed sanctions on Belarus, including a travel ban and an asset freeze. After the forced landing of a Ryanair plane in Minsk, it also prohibited various aircraft operated by Belarusian airlines from taking off from, landing in, or flying over EU territory. Lithuania and Poland offered assistance to Belarusian refugees fleeing the regime, and continued to demand democratic changes in Belarus.  The reply from Belarus came almost exactly a year later. In June 2021, Lithuania began reporting a growing number of migrants from the Middle East trying to illegally cross the Belarusian and Lithuanian border. When it was suggested that the Belarusian regime was behind this unexpected migration wave, Belarusian president Aleksandr Lukashenko stated in June 2021 that ‘(…) if someone thinks that we will (…) become a filtration camp for fugitives from Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Syria, Tunisia, they are mistaken at least. We will…

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At Daggers Drawn: International Legal Issues Surrounding the Conflict in and around Nagorno-Karabakh

On 10 November, Azerbaijan and Armenia signed a Statement with the Russian Federation that fundamentally changes the scope of the conflict concerning Nagorno-Karabakh and the surrounding territories as well the status of the so-called “Republic of Artsakh” that had declared independence in early 1992. Even if it remains to be seen whether…

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The Monetary Gold Doctrine and the ICC: Can the ICC determine the Territorial Boundaries of Israel and Palestine?

The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) has been engaged in a Preliminary Examination of the situation in Palestine since January 2015. By December 2019, the Prosecutor had come to the conclusion that there is a reasonable basis to believe that war crimes have been, or are being, committed on territory of Palestine, and that the other…

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How Trump’s Migration Policy Erodes National and International Standards of Protection for Migrants and Asylum Seekers

Early this month, 5,600 US soldiers were deployed to the southern border as a response to an approaching migrant caravan consisting of several thousand Central Americans. U.S. President Donald Trump called the advancing group in official statements a foreign “invasion” that warrants deploying up to 15,000 army members to support the border patrol. He further publicly warned…

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