Advisory Opinion

When the International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered its Advisory Opinion on Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change on 23 July 2025, commentators rightly called it a watershed for international environmental law. The Court unanimously confirmed that the customary rules of State responsibility, as reflected in many respects in the ILC’s Articles on State Responsibility…

Introduction The first eighteen months of the second Trump administration have witnessed a sustained assault on scientific infrastructures enabling understanding of anthropogenic climate change. This has taken the form of cuts to national science agencies; freezes and dramatic reductions in grants to universities; and attempts to…

On 21 May 2026, the International Court of Justice delivered its advisory opinion on the right to strike under ILO Convention No. 87, holding by ten votes to four that the right is protected by that instrument. The Opinion clarifies a long-running issue between workers’ and employers’ groups. But it is also significant as a methodological…

On 21 May 2026, the International Court of Justice gave its advisory opinion on the Right to Strike under ILO Convention No. 87. By ten votes to four, the Court concluded that the right to strike of workers and their organisations is protected under ILO Convention No. 87 – one of the ILO’s eight “fundamental” Conventions.  …