Joseph Weiler‘s timely and thoughtful contribution will certainly ignite a debate on online teaching during and beyond the pandemic. Covid 19 has hit almost everyone and everything, sometimes brutally. Universities have not been spared. But they have rapidly reacted and adjusted their business to the new environment. They have managed to replace or integrate face-to-face teaching…

General remarks The interpretation of investment treaties is governed by the rules on interpretation codified in Articles 31 to 33 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT). The hybrid nature of Investor-State arbitration, in which the parties to the dispute and the parties to the treaty do not coincide, calls for a “particular…

The legal protection of multilingualism is an important principle and an indispensable guarantee for the functioning of the institutions of the European Union (EU) as well as for their relationships with EU citizens. This is not only evidenced by Article 22 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, which obligates the Union to respect linguistic diversity. Beyond that, legally…