On 23 July 2025, the International Court of Justice delivered its Advisory Opinion on Obligations of States in respect of climate change. On remedies, the Court reaffirmed the familiar consequences of State responsibility—cessation and guarantees of non‑repetition, and “full reparation” through restitution, compensation and/or satisfaction (paras 446-455). The Court acknowledged that compensation remains anchored in Chorzów and…

Introduction Following mass student protests and a violent crackdown that killed at least 1,400 people, Sheikh Hasina’s 15-year authoritarian rule as Prime Minister of Bangladesh ended on 5 August 2024 (here, here, here). Amid unprecedented public outrage, she fled to India, and an interim Government led by Nobel Laureate Dr Muhammad Yunus…