On 1st May 2026, China implemented a zero-tariff policy covering all 53 African countries with which it maintains diplomatic relations, requiring no reciprocity. The measure builds on…

Prior to the establishment of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), tariffs routinely functioned as deliberate instruments of…

Energy costs have been rising, particularly in Europe following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. This price hike is a major blow to heavy industries for which energy…

The bicycle theory of trade suggests that the global trading system, much like a bicycle, must maintain steady momentum toward freer trade—any failure to move forward will…

International trade law has always been about tariffs. Tariffs were on Woodrow Wilson’s mind when he delivered his famous Fourteen Points in 1918, proposing the removal of all…

On 9th of July 2025, the President of the United States, Donald Trump, sent a letter to the Brazilian President Luis Inácio Lula da Silva communicating that…

When US President Donald Trump announced the imposition of “reciprocal” tariffs on virtually the entire globe on April 2nd, many observers felt that they were witnessing a historic…

Advanced economies, and in particular China and the US, are engaging in a new technological arms race. China is trying to catch up technologically to the US and…

A week ago the Editor-in-Chief of this Journal published a piece titled Black Lies, White Lies and Some Uncomfortable Truths in and of the International Trading System.