Artificial intelligence (AI) is interacting in ever more complex ways with the sovereignty of states. On the one hand, AI technologies are beginning to underpin…

In August 2022, I co-authored a post on the English case of Al-Masarir v. Saudi Arabia [2022] EWHC 2199, where Knowles J held that Saudi Arabia…

By 21 April 2026, Iran’s internet blackout had entered its fifty-third consecutive day, the longest nationwide internet disruption ever recorded (NetBlocks; IODA Iran shutdown report). Connectivity…

In this post, I want to provide a couple of thoughts on some aspects of the unlawful US attack on Venezuela on 3 January. Before doing so, however,…

On Friday 11 July, Conference Room 4 at UN Headquarters in New York broke into applause. The five-year mandate of the UN Open-Ended Working Group (OEWG) on security…

Editor's Note: This post is the final of three which have run over recent days as part of a book discussion on the Handbook on Developing a National…

Editor's Note: This post is the second of three forming a book discussion on the Handbook on Developing a National Position on International Law and Cyber Activities: A…

Editor's Note: This post is the first of three which will run over the coming days as part of a book discussion on the Handbook on Developing a…

On 31 October 2024, the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent adopted an unprecedented resolution on protecting civilians against the potential human cost of…

In recent years, States have begun to discuss and assess whether and when they may cooperate in the taking of countermeasures. The question has arisen most prominently in…