The last two weeks have covered a lot of ground, from the collapse of the Central American Court of Justice to Russian policies of population transfer in Ukraine…

“The test of a first-rate intelligence,” according to F. Scott Fitzgerald, “is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still…

A month ago, the United Nations General Assembly took a position significantly less ambiguous than the ICJ on a question of existential importance to island States threatened by…

In July 2025, the International Court of Justice issued its landmark advisory opinion on climate change that is ground-breaking in many respects. Among them is the Court’s affirmation…

The International Court of Justice’s recent Advisory Opinion on Climate Change (AO) has been widely celebrated by many States, non-governmental groups, and…

Established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the International Seabed Authority (ISA) is responsible for administering resources in the Area,…

This week, the leaders of the Pacific Island States will have their annual meeting at the Pacific Islands Forum to discuss key issues impacting the region. In…

Introduction and the Stakes Behind the GA Request In 2023, the UN General Assembly requested the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to spell out what…

On 23 July 2025, the International Court of Justice delivered its Advisory Opinion on Obligations of States in respect of climate change. On remedies, the Court reaffirmed the…

The ICJ’s climate change Advisory Opinion of July 2025 capped a year in which global temperatures averaged 1.53°C above pre-industrial levels. In this context, the Court’s strong…