Introduction In its 2025 Advisory Opinion on Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change (AO), the International Court of Justice (ICJ) gave its imprimatur…

The ICJ’s climate change Advisory Opinion of July 2025 capped a year in which global temperatures averaged 1.53°C above pre-industrial levels. In this context, the Court’s strong…

The global demand for critical minerals has intensified as part of the clean energy transition in line with goals outlined in the Paris Agreement. The…

In the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) advisory procedure on international obligations of states in respect of climate change the US government raises the concern that the ICJ…

The struggle against climate change is, fundamentally, also a struggle for justice. For one, climate law has been a focal point for articulating redistributive demands — ranging from…

The environmental and climatic impacts of the livestock sector are well established by science. Livestock plays a significant role in global warming across multiple dimensions.

KlimaSeniorinnen follow-up: five issues and ways forward With its KlimaSeniorinnen judgment, the European Court of Human Rights (the Court) established a Convention-based climate…

The European Court of Human Rights’ (ECtHR) climate decisions are out, and comments followed suit (for general overviews: here, here, and…

In his vigorous, thoroughly readable, partly dissenting opinion to the recent ECtHR climate change ruling (Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz and Others v. Switzerland), Judge Eicke wonders…

The Paris Agreement, hailed as a “historic agreement” to tackle climate change, does not directly address the impact that armed conflicts can…